PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.